Dear Bible Studiers,
Due to low attendance last week we decided to save the Rahab lesson for tonight. We will meet in the church rotunda at 7pm. Depending upon how many people have already prepared for Bathsheba, we will discuss at that time whether or not to combine Rahab and Bathsheba this evening, or postpone Mary and study Bathsheba next week.
Happy Advent!
Pastor Amy
Thursday, December 10, 2009
Thursday, December 3, 2009
12/3 Rahab
What motivates Rahab to protect the spies? (Read Joshua 2:8-13)
Would you describe Rahab as “faithful”? To whom is she faithful? What does faithfulness mean in this context? What are the results?
Have you ever experienced a time when your political or even familial loyalties were at odds with faithfulness to the God you believe to be “God in heaven above and on earth below”? How did you respond?
The author of Hebrews includes Rahab among the faithful (Heb. 11:31). James says this Canaanite convert is “justified by works” when she welcomes the “messengers” of Joshua (James 2:25). How is faith joined with works in your life? Can/should these two concepts always be divided?
What is the “law”? What can we learn from this story about Christian living?
What is the “gospel”? What can we learn from this story about God’s faithfulness?
If you take seriously what God is telling you in this story, what would change in your life?
Would you describe Rahab as “faithful”? To whom is she faithful? What does faithfulness mean in this context? What are the results?
Have you ever experienced a time when your political or even familial loyalties were at odds with faithfulness to the God you believe to be “God in heaven above and on earth below”? How did you respond?
The author of Hebrews includes Rahab among the faithful (Heb. 11:31). James says this Canaanite convert is “justified by works” when she welcomes the “messengers” of Joshua (James 2:25). How is faith joined with works in your life? Can/should these two concepts always be divided?
What is the “law”? What can we learn from this story about Christian living?
What is the “gospel”? What can we learn from this story about God’s faithfulness?
If you take seriously what God is telling you in this story, what would change in your life?
Thursday, October 15, 2009
Philippians (for 10/22)
LITERARY READING
Using the following outline, write a one sentence summary of each point and one question or observation about that point as it relates to your faith life.
I. Introduction (1:1-30)
a. Paul’s Prayer for the Philippians
b. Paul’s Personal Circumstances
II. Call for Christian Unity (2:1-18)
III. True and False Teachers (2:19-4:1)
IV. Conclusion
a. Closing Exhortations (4:2-9)
b. Acknowledgment of Philippians’ Support (4:10-20)
c. Farewell (4:21-23)
Or, choose a theme that seems common to Paul’s whole letter (joy, praise, love, thanksgiving) and see how many references you can find. What does this theme seem to mean for Paul?
HISTORICAL READING
Why do you think this letter was written? What question(s) are addressed?
What implied political or social realities should we consider?
What can you learn about the relationships between the people in Philippi? About the relationship between Euodia and Synteche? How might these relationships have precipitated Paul’s letter?
What can you learn about the apostle Paul, and his relationship with the Philippians?
DEVOTIONAL READING
The Lutheran Study Bible states, “This is Paul’s most joyful letter.” What images or passages best represent this joy? Recollect your most joyful experience of serving God. How does this inform the way you read Paul’s letter?
What does this letter have to say to our country? To our global community? Consider especially the social location of the Philippians in a prominent and well-off Roman city and our own social location in the United States of America. What would it mean for your public life if you took Philippians 3:20 seriously?
What similarities exist between the church at Philippi and our church today? What does is God saying to our church in this letter? What is God saying to you?
What does Paul most want for the Philippians (1:9-11)? How do Paul’s words compare with Jesus’ great commandment in Matthew 22:39 and similarly in John 15:12? What does it mean to love according to Scripture? (See also Philippians 2:4; 4:6-11, 17).
Read Philippians 2:3-5 and 3:2-11. What do these verses mean for you? What sort of living is Paul advocating? Why? What might it mean to “boast in Christ Jesus”?
What would change in you if you took Paul’s words seriously? What would you be concerned about? What person or situation would you see differently than you see now?
LUTHERAN THEOLOGICAL READING
In what ways do you hear Paul’s words as law? What demands or judgments are being made?
How does this text confront you with your own sins?
How does this text proclaim the gospel (God’s good news of forgiveness, grace, and promise)?
In what ways does this text point you or lead you to Christ?
Using the following outline, write a one sentence summary of each point and one question or observation about that point as it relates to your faith life.
I. Introduction (1:1-30)
a. Paul’s Prayer for the Philippians
b. Paul’s Personal Circumstances
II. Call for Christian Unity (2:1-18)
III. True and False Teachers (2:19-4:1)
IV. Conclusion
a. Closing Exhortations (4:2-9)
b. Acknowledgment of Philippians’ Support (4:10-20)
c. Farewell (4:21-23)
Or, choose a theme that seems common to Paul’s whole letter (joy, praise, love, thanksgiving) and see how many references you can find. What does this theme seem to mean for Paul?
HISTORICAL READING
Why do you think this letter was written? What question(s) are addressed?
What implied political or social realities should we consider?
What can you learn about the relationships between the people in Philippi? About the relationship between Euodia and Synteche? How might these relationships have precipitated Paul’s letter?
What can you learn about the apostle Paul, and his relationship with the Philippians?
DEVOTIONAL READING
The Lutheran Study Bible states, “This is Paul’s most joyful letter.” What images or passages best represent this joy? Recollect your most joyful experience of serving God. How does this inform the way you read Paul’s letter?
What does this letter have to say to our country? To our global community? Consider especially the social location of the Philippians in a prominent and well-off Roman city and our own social location in the United States of America. What would it mean for your public life if you took Philippians 3:20 seriously?
What similarities exist between the church at Philippi and our church today? What does is God saying to our church in this letter? What is God saying to you?
What does Paul most want for the Philippians (1:9-11)? How do Paul’s words compare with Jesus’ great commandment in Matthew 22:39 and similarly in John 15:12? What does it mean to love according to Scripture? (See also Philippians 2:4; 4:6-11, 17).
Read Philippians 2:3-5 and 3:2-11. What do these verses mean for you? What sort of living is Paul advocating? Why? What might it mean to “boast in Christ Jesus”?
What would change in you if you took Paul’s words seriously? What would you be concerned about? What person or situation would you see differently than you see now?
LUTHERAN THEOLOGICAL READING
In what ways do you hear Paul’s words as law? What demands or judgments are being made?
How does this text confront you with your own sins?
How does this text proclaim the gospel (God’s good news of forgiveness, grace, and promise)?
In what ways does this text point you or lead you to Christ?
Galatians (Continued)
JUSTIFICATION BY FAITH
“We know that a person is justified not by the works of the law but through faith in Jesus Christ.” (Galatians 2:16a, NRSV)
“Knowing that a man is not justified by the works of the law, but by the faith of Jesus Christ.”
(Galatians 2:16, KJV)
eivdo,tej Îde.Ð o[ti ouv dikaiou/tai a;nqrwpoj evx e;rgwn no,mou eva.n mh. dia. pi,stewj VIhsou/ Cristou/(
As Lutherans, “Justification by faith” has become our motto – a short hand for understanding the rest of the Bible. Together with Paul’s letter to the Romans, we turn to Galatians time and again to hear the good news of our justification. The only trouble is, for many, it begs two important questions: What is justification? And what is faith?
JUSTIFICATION in first century Greco-Roman literature meant “to justify,” “show to be in the right,” or “pronounce righteous.” In connection with people, Paul generally uses it to mean, “be pronounced and treated as righteous, and thereby become [righteous],” meaning “upright,” “just,” not violating the sovereignty of God, and keeping his laws. This reflects Paul’s Jewish heritage, which understood justification to be a characteristic of living in covenant relationship with God.
Therefore, in v. 15 Paul prefaces his statement on justification by appealing to a common Jewish heritage, in which all “Jews knew that justification, the state of being in a proper covenant relationship with God and thereby being God’s people, was ultimately a result of God’s gracious initiative. Jews fulfilled these works of the law mentioned in 2:16 not in order to earn God’s favor but precisely as a sign that God’s favor had been graciously given in a covenant and that the Jews desired to stay in the covenant.” In his new Christian context, Paul then applies justification as a technical term representing God’s bringing about a new covenant relationship in which the baptized become a “new creation” on account of Christ Jesus (see also Gal. 6:15; 2 Cor. 5:17).
FAITH may at first seem to be an easier concept. It can be used to describe that which causes trust and faith – “faithfulness” or “reliability”; “solemn promise” or “oath”; “proof” or “pledge”; or “trust,” “confidence,” and “faith” in the active sense of believing (a verbal noun). This last sense is where things get more complicated. In the case of a verbal noun (faith as in X’s action of believing), Greek grammar can use a noun of possession (genitive) to describe the subject of the implied action, in the example above, X. Therefore, “In a given context, ‘love of God’ could mean ‘[my/your/their] love for God’ (objective) or ‘God’s love for [me/you/them].” This is the case in Galatians 2:16. Therefore, it can be translated as either “faith in Christ” or “the faith / faithfulness of Christ”.
• What significance does this decision in translation have on your reading of the passage? Which do you think Paul intends? Consider the similar situation in Romans 3:22.
IN BRIEF, Paul’s letter to the Galatians opposes the idea of justification through the law, insisting that justification -- our covenantal relationship with God -- is based on Jesus Christ (Gal. 3:13). Such justification does not come from our own actions (works/righteousness) or merely a sense of forgiveness won on the cross (medieval atonement theology), rather, it comes from the complete removal of the law, through the death and resurrection of Christ (Christ’s faithfulness). The law, as Paul explains to the Galatians, was given to humanity as a guardian until Christ came to fulfill the promise and through his resurrection to make complete God’s gift of grace/faithfulness. Therefore, baptized into the death and resurrection of Christ, we are already unconditionally accepted by God, and living in this new reality – justified – a “new creation”.
THOUGHTS AND QUESTIONS
• What does it mean to be “a new creation” in which the powers of sin, law, and death have been destroyed (see Romans 7:7-25)? How does this understanding negate the opponents’ objection that Christian freedom makes Christ “a servant of sin” (Gal. 2:17)? Compare this with the contemporary notion of “Cheap Grace.”
• Compared to his treatment of the law in Romans (3:31; 7:7-13), Paul prevents a very negative view of the law in Galatians 3:19-29. What contextual factors may have influenced this? What does this reveal to us about how interpret Paul’s letters?
• What difference do you see between doing good works to express your love and gratitude to God and doing good works to get into heaven?
• In Galatians 1:10-2:21 Paul describes his call to be an apostle. By virtue of our baptism, each one of us is called to proclaim Christ in word and deed. To whom are you being called to proclaim the good news of God in Christ Jesus?
“We know that a person is justified not by the works of the law but through faith in Jesus Christ.” (Galatians 2:16a, NRSV)
“Knowing that a man is not justified by the works of the law, but by the faith of Jesus Christ.”
(Galatians 2:16, KJV)
eivdo,tej Îde.Ð o[ti ouv dikaiou/tai a;nqrwpoj evx e;rgwn no,mou eva.n mh. dia. pi,stewj VIhsou/ Cristou/(
As Lutherans, “Justification by faith” has become our motto – a short hand for understanding the rest of the Bible. Together with Paul’s letter to the Romans, we turn to Galatians time and again to hear the good news of our justification. The only trouble is, for many, it begs two important questions: What is justification? And what is faith?
JUSTIFICATION in first century Greco-Roman literature meant “to justify,” “show to be in the right,” or “pronounce righteous.” In connection with people, Paul generally uses it to mean, “be pronounced and treated as righteous, and thereby become [righteous],” meaning “upright,” “just,” not violating the sovereignty of God, and keeping his laws. This reflects Paul’s Jewish heritage, which understood justification to be a characteristic of living in covenant relationship with God.
Therefore, in v. 15 Paul prefaces his statement on justification by appealing to a common Jewish heritage, in which all “Jews knew that justification, the state of being in a proper covenant relationship with God and thereby being God’s people, was ultimately a result of God’s gracious initiative. Jews fulfilled these works of the law mentioned in 2:16 not in order to earn God’s favor but precisely as a sign that God’s favor had been graciously given in a covenant and that the Jews desired to stay in the covenant.” In his new Christian context, Paul then applies justification as a technical term representing God’s bringing about a new covenant relationship in which the baptized become a “new creation” on account of Christ Jesus (see also Gal. 6:15; 2 Cor. 5:17).
FAITH may at first seem to be an easier concept. It can be used to describe that which causes trust and faith – “faithfulness” or “reliability”; “solemn promise” or “oath”; “proof” or “pledge”; or “trust,” “confidence,” and “faith” in the active sense of believing (a verbal noun). This last sense is where things get more complicated. In the case of a verbal noun (faith as in X’s action of believing), Greek grammar can use a noun of possession (genitive) to describe the subject of the implied action, in the example above, X. Therefore, “In a given context, ‘love of God’ could mean ‘[my/your/their] love for God’ (objective) or ‘God’s love for [me/you/them].” This is the case in Galatians 2:16. Therefore, it can be translated as either “faith in Christ” or “the faith / faithfulness of Christ”.
• What significance does this decision in translation have on your reading of the passage? Which do you think Paul intends? Consider the similar situation in Romans 3:22.
IN BRIEF, Paul’s letter to the Galatians opposes the idea of justification through the law, insisting that justification -- our covenantal relationship with God -- is based on Jesus Christ (Gal. 3:13). Such justification does not come from our own actions (works/righteousness) or merely a sense of forgiveness won on the cross (medieval atonement theology), rather, it comes from the complete removal of the law, through the death and resurrection of Christ (Christ’s faithfulness). The law, as Paul explains to the Galatians, was given to humanity as a guardian until Christ came to fulfill the promise and through his resurrection to make complete God’s gift of grace/faithfulness. Therefore, baptized into the death and resurrection of Christ, we are already unconditionally accepted by God, and living in this new reality – justified – a “new creation”.
THOUGHTS AND QUESTIONS
• What does it mean to be “a new creation” in which the powers of sin, law, and death have been destroyed (see Romans 7:7-25)? How does this understanding negate the opponents’ objection that Christian freedom makes Christ “a servant of sin” (Gal. 2:17)? Compare this with the contemporary notion of “Cheap Grace.”
• Compared to his treatment of the law in Romans (3:31; 7:7-13), Paul prevents a very negative view of the law in Galatians 3:19-29. What contextual factors may have influenced this? What does this reveal to us about how interpret Paul’s letters?
• What difference do you see between doing good works to express your love and gratitude to God and doing good works to get into heaven?
• In Galatians 1:10-2:21 Paul describes his call to be an apostle. By virtue of our baptism, each one of us is called to proclaim Christ in word and deed. To whom are you being called to proclaim the good news of God in Christ Jesus?
Thursday, October 8, 2009
Galatians (for 10/15)
LITERARY READING
Using the following outline, write a one sentence summary of each point and one question or observation about that point as it relates to your faith life.
I. Introduction (1:1-10)
II. Paul’s Ministry as an Apostle (1:11-2:14)
III. Justification by Faith (2:15-2:21)
IV. Law and Faith (3:1-4:7)
V. Slavery and Freedom (4:8-5:12)
VI. The Fruit of the Spirit (5:13-5:26)
VII. Conclusion (6:1-18)
Or, using short concrete details from the text, attempt to recreate Paul’s “story” (from chapters 1-2) and the story of the Galatian church as it is revealed in this letter.
HISTORICAL READING
Why do you think this letter was written? What question(s) are addressed?
What implied political or social realities should we consider?
What can you learn about the relationships between the people in Galatia?
What can you learn about the apostle Paul, and his relationship with the Galatians?
DEVOTIONAL READING
What images or feelings come to mind as you read this letter?
What does this letter have to say to our country? To our global community? Consider especially how this letter has been and can be used in conversations about slavery.
What similarities exist between the church at Galatia and our church today? What does is God saying to our church in this letter? What is God saying to you?
In Galatians 1:7 Paul speaks of perversions of the Gospel. What interpretations of the Gospel have you experienced that might fall into this category? What is Paul’s standard for knowing the difference? How can this be applied in contemporary situations?
Read Galatians 3:10 and 5:16. What do these verses mean for you? What sort of living is Paul advocating? Why? What difference do you think motive (why we do good works) makes?
What would change in you if you took Paul’s words seriously? What would you be concerned about? What person or situation would you see differently than you see now?
LUTHERAN THEOLOGICAL READING
In what ways do you hear Paul’s words as law? What demands or judgments are being made?
How does this text confront you with your own sins? (see especially 5:6, 13-6:10)
How does this text proclaim the gospel (God’s good news of forgiveness, grace, and promise)? (see especially 2:15-21; 3:6-14, 23-4:7)
In what ways does this text point you or lead you to Christ?
Using the following outline, write a one sentence summary of each point and one question or observation about that point as it relates to your faith life.
I. Introduction (1:1-10)
II. Paul’s Ministry as an Apostle (1:11-2:14)
III. Justification by Faith (2:15-2:21)
IV. Law and Faith (3:1-4:7)
V. Slavery and Freedom (4:8-5:12)
VI. The Fruit of the Spirit (5:13-5:26)
VII. Conclusion (6:1-18)
Or, using short concrete details from the text, attempt to recreate Paul’s “story” (from chapters 1-2) and the story of the Galatian church as it is revealed in this letter.
HISTORICAL READING
Why do you think this letter was written? What question(s) are addressed?
What implied political or social realities should we consider?
What can you learn about the relationships between the people in Galatia?
What can you learn about the apostle Paul, and his relationship with the Galatians?
DEVOTIONAL READING
What images or feelings come to mind as you read this letter?
What does this letter have to say to our country? To our global community? Consider especially how this letter has been and can be used in conversations about slavery.
What similarities exist between the church at Galatia and our church today? What does is God saying to our church in this letter? What is God saying to you?
In Galatians 1:7 Paul speaks of perversions of the Gospel. What interpretations of the Gospel have you experienced that might fall into this category? What is Paul’s standard for knowing the difference? How can this be applied in contemporary situations?
Read Galatians 3:10 and 5:16. What do these verses mean for you? What sort of living is Paul advocating? Why? What difference do you think motive (why we do good works) makes?
What would change in you if you took Paul’s words seriously? What would you be concerned about? What person or situation would you see differently than you see now?
LUTHERAN THEOLOGICAL READING
In what ways do you hear Paul’s words as law? What demands or judgments are being made?
How does this text confront you with your own sins? (see especially 5:6, 13-6:10)
How does this text proclaim the gospel (God’s good news of forgiveness, grace, and promise)? (see especially 2:15-21; 3:6-14, 23-4:7)
In what ways does this text point you or lead you to Christ?
Wednesday, September 30, 2009
2 Corinthians (for 10/8)
LITERARY READING
Using the following outline, write a one sentence summary of each point and one question or observation about that point as it relates to your faith life.
I. Introduction (1:1-2:17)
II. The Ministry of the Apostle (3:1-4:6)
III. Hope and Suffering (4:7-5:11)
IV. Reconciliation (5:12-7:16)
V. The Collection for Jerusalem (8:1-9:15)
VI. Paul Defends His Ministry (10:1-12:13)
VII. Conclusion (12:14-13:13)
Or, using short concrete details from the text, attempt to recreate the Corinthian “story” as it is revealed in this letter (consider referring back to 1 Corinthians as well).
HISTORICAL READING
Why do you think this letter was written? What question(s) are addressed?
What implied political or social realities should we consider?
What can you learn about the relationships between the church at Corinth from this letter?
What can you learn about the apostle Paul, and his relationship with the Corinthians?
DEVOTIONAL READING
What does this letter have to say to the United States? To the global community?
What does this letter have to say to you? To your community or church?
What images or feelings come to mind as you read this letter?
Does anything remind you of past experiences or concerns of your own?
• What is the “thorn” in your life that continues to harass you (12:7)?
• What motives you most when you’re asked to make contributions for those in need (8-9)
• What worries you must when you think of death? What encourages you most? (5:1-10)
What would change in you if you took Paul’s words seriously? What would you be concerned about? What person or situation would you see differently than you see now?
LUTHERAN THEOLOGICAL READING
In what ways do you hear Paul’s words as law? What demands are being made on the Corinthians (and on us)? What judgments?
How does this text confront you with your own sins? (see 5:9-10; 6:14-7:1; 12:20-13:6)
In what ways do you hear Paul’s words as gospel? (see 1:3-5; 2:5-11; 3:7-11, 17-18; 4:6-14; 5:14-6:2; 7:9-11; 10:17-18; 17:8-10)
How do you hear God’s good news of forgiveness of your sins, of grace, of promise to be with you, of the gift of Christ Jesus given for you?
In what ways does 2 Corinthians point you or lead you to Christ?
Using the following outline, write a one sentence summary of each point and one question or observation about that point as it relates to your faith life.
I. Introduction (1:1-2:17)
II. The Ministry of the Apostle (3:1-4:6)
III. Hope and Suffering (4:7-5:11)
IV. Reconciliation (5:12-7:16)
V. The Collection for Jerusalem (8:1-9:15)
VI. Paul Defends His Ministry (10:1-12:13)
VII. Conclusion (12:14-13:13)
Or, using short concrete details from the text, attempt to recreate the Corinthian “story” as it is revealed in this letter (consider referring back to 1 Corinthians as well).
HISTORICAL READING
Why do you think this letter was written? What question(s) are addressed?
What implied political or social realities should we consider?
What can you learn about the relationships between the church at Corinth from this letter?
What can you learn about the apostle Paul, and his relationship with the Corinthians?
DEVOTIONAL READING
What does this letter have to say to the United States? To the global community?
What does this letter have to say to you? To your community or church?
What images or feelings come to mind as you read this letter?
Does anything remind you of past experiences or concerns of your own?
• What is the “thorn” in your life that continues to harass you (12:7)?
• What motives you most when you’re asked to make contributions for those in need (8-9)
• What worries you must when you think of death? What encourages you most? (5:1-10)
What would change in you if you took Paul’s words seriously? What would you be concerned about? What person or situation would you see differently than you see now?
LUTHERAN THEOLOGICAL READING
In what ways do you hear Paul’s words as law? What demands are being made on the Corinthians (and on us)? What judgments?
How does this text confront you with your own sins? (see 5:9-10; 6:14-7:1; 12:20-13:6)
In what ways do you hear Paul’s words as gospel? (see 1:3-5; 2:5-11; 3:7-11, 17-18; 4:6-14; 5:14-6:2; 7:9-11; 10:17-18; 17:8-10)
How do you hear God’s good news of forgiveness of your sins, of grace, of promise to be with you, of the gift of Christ Jesus given for you?
In what ways does 2 Corinthians point you or lead you to Christ?
1 Corinthians
LITERARY READING
Paul writes his letters within a literary framework typical of letters in his day. Understanding this framework can help us identify the main points of each letter. The Lutheran Study Bible and Commentaries provide outlines of each letter for you; however, before you turn to these sources, attempt to identify each section (by chapter and verse) and key themes in each.
Introduction:
Body:
Closing:
HISTORICAL READING
With the exception of Romans, each of Paul’s letters are written to churches that he helped start. The intent of Paul’s letters is to provide pastoral advice to practical situations the communities are facing. In the process, however, each letter reveals some historical background as well. As you read, make note of what you learn about each character and their relationship together.
The Church at Corinth:
Paul:
Other Characters:
The relationship between Paul and the Church:
Consider the following questions as they relate to 1 Thessalonians.
Why do you think this letter was written? What question(s) are addressed?
What implied political or social realities can shed light on this text?
DEVOTIONAL READING
Understanding the form and context of a text is important, but it’s also important to hear these letters as Scriptures speaking individually to us and our community. 1 Corinthians is God’s Word through Paul to the Church at Corinth, but it is also God’s Word through Paul to us.
What does this letter have to say to your world or your nation?
What does this letter have to say to you or your community?
What images or feelings come to mind as you read this letter? Do Paul’s words or the Corinthians’ concerns remind you of any past experiences or concerns of your own?
What would change in you if you took Paul’s words seriously? What would you be concerned about? What person or situation would you see differently than you see now?
LUTHERAN THEOLOGICAL READING
As Lutherans, “we come to our study with certain convictions, insights, and expectations that rise particularly from our Lutheran heritage.” Specifically, Lutherans understand Scripture to speak a word of both law and gospel and to show forth Christ.
In what ways do you hear Paul’s words as law? What demands are being made on the Corinthians (and on us)? What judgments?
How does 1 Corinthians confront you with your own sins?
In what ways do you hear Paul’s words as gospel?
How do you hear God’s good news of forgiveness of your sins, of grace, of promise to be with you, of the gift of Christ Jesus given for you?
In what ways does 1 Corinthians point you or lead you to Christ? How does this text prepare you for Christ?
Paul writes his letters within a literary framework typical of letters in his day. Understanding this framework can help us identify the main points of each letter. The Lutheran Study Bible and Commentaries provide outlines of each letter for you; however, before you turn to these sources, attempt to identify each section (by chapter and verse) and key themes in each.
Introduction:
Body:
Closing:
HISTORICAL READING
With the exception of Romans, each of Paul’s letters are written to churches that he helped start. The intent of Paul’s letters is to provide pastoral advice to practical situations the communities are facing. In the process, however, each letter reveals some historical background as well. As you read, make note of what you learn about each character and their relationship together.
The Church at Corinth:
Paul:
Other Characters:
The relationship between Paul and the Church:
Consider the following questions as they relate to 1 Thessalonians.
Why do you think this letter was written? What question(s) are addressed?
What implied political or social realities can shed light on this text?
DEVOTIONAL READING
Understanding the form and context of a text is important, but it’s also important to hear these letters as Scriptures speaking individually to us and our community. 1 Corinthians is God’s Word through Paul to the Church at Corinth, but it is also God’s Word through Paul to us.
What does this letter have to say to your world or your nation?
What does this letter have to say to you or your community?
What images or feelings come to mind as you read this letter? Do Paul’s words or the Corinthians’ concerns remind you of any past experiences or concerns of your own?
What would change in you if you took Paul’s words seriously? What would you be concerned about? What person or situation would you see differently than you see now?
LUTHERAN THEOLOGICAL READING
As Lutherans, “we come to our study with certain convictions, insights, and expectations that rise particularly from our Lutheran heritage.” Specifically, Lutherans understand Scripture to speak a word of both law and gospel and to show forth Christ.
In what ways do you hear Paul’s words as law? What demands are being made on the Corinthians (and on us)? What judgments?
How does 1 Corinthians confront you with your own sins?
In what ways do you hear Paul’s words as gospel?
How do you hear God’s good news of forgiveness of your sins, of grace, of promise to be with you, of the gift of Christ Jesus given for you?
In what ways does 1 Corinthians point you or lead you to Christ? How does this text prepare you for Christ?
Thursday, September 17, 2009
We're Back!! - Philemon
THE STRUCTURE OF THE LETTER
Just like we use certain conventions when writing letters today, Paul followed the typical pattern of letter writing for his day. This included an introduction, body, and conclusion. Many of the formal elements of Paul’s letters were very similar to their secular counterparts. However, Paul altered these conventions to fit the nature of his communication – for example, instead of the traditional salutation of the day, the Roman equivalent of “Sincerely,” Paul used the phrase “The grace of the Lord Jesus Christ.” This was also a clever play on words, since the traditional closing was “Karitas” (joy / happiness) and Paul wrote “Karis” (peace). A subtle change, indicating Paul’s grounding in Christ.
BACKGROUND INFORMATION
SLAVERY in Paul’s world was commonplace. Slaves probably represented between 25% and 50% of the Roman Empire’s population. It was so engrained in society that no one questioned slavery as an institution, even though there was some awareness of the inequity that existed. In the same way, we don’t question capitalism as an institution, even though we’re aware of the injustice it can cause. The only known community that did not practice slavery was the Essenes, who did so more as a matter of discipline than of moral objection – they also abstained from marriage and eating certain foods as a part of their discipline. In the same way that the Essenes would have never dreamed of condemning marriage as an institution, so they had nothing against slavery as such. People became slaves at birth (born to slave parents or exposed as infants), through capture (kidnapped by pirates or captured in war), or by selling themselves into slavery to pay debts. As a result, unlike slavery in North America or Egypt, Roman slavery represented more of a social class than an ethnic group. Many slaves were educated in order to be more useful to their masters, and if you walked by a slave on the street, you would likely be unable to tell them from an average citizen. While there are many parallels, it is important to distinguish ancient slavery from the horrible abuses of humanity practiced in more recent memory.
HOUSE CHURCHES in Early Christianity were the primary way that Christians gathered together. Extended families often lived together in one household, which, for the sake of family structure, as well as, in many cases, survival, was a major institution in the ancient world. Jewish synagogues, pagan mystery cults, and philosophical schools often gathered in houses as well. Usually, one fairly wealthy member of the community (whose house was large enough to host a gathering), donated the space, where, at appointed times, the community would gather for worship, prayer, teaching, and to receive the sacraments. This setting was especially important in areas where Christians were being persecuted, because it afforded them some anonymity and protection.
INTERESTING WORD PLAYS are used at a couple key points in Philemon. This fits with the overall character of the letter as a well crafted rhetorical argument. In verse 11, Paul refers to a change in Onesimus from “formely useless” to “useful”. In Greek, the name Onesimus (a common name for slaves) literally meant “useful.” Of double meaning here, however, is the fact that the words Paul uses here are achrestos and euchrestos, which would have been pronounced the same way as Christos (Christ). Therefore, this may also be a reference to Onesmius’ changed character before and after his baptism (alluded to in verse 10). Later, in verse 20, Paul also uses the word oninemi (to benefit or take joy in), the same root word from which Onesimus’ name comes.
REFLECTION QUESTIONS
• Philemon (and many of Paul’s letters) give us a model of Christian gratitude. Do you ever thank God for the people in your life? How do your prayers compare to Paul’s prayer for Philemon?
• Paul states that he could use his authority to get what he wants, but that he “would rather appeal to [Philemon] on the basis of love.” What do you take this to mean? Why does Paul approach the situation in this way? How does this inform current Lutheran conversations regarding “love of the neighbor”?
• Because of the rhetoric (use of persuasion) in this letter, most scholars agree that Paul leaves Philemon little choice in his actual action. Some scholars believe that this is manipulative and wrong, others point to an appropriate use of thoughtful reasoning. What do you think, and why?
• In verses 15-16, Paul speculates on a divine purpose in the disagreement (or even disobedience) between Philemon and Onesimus. Some people believe God causes every situation for a purpose. Others believe that God is at work within every situation to bring about good. Do you see a difference? Which do you think Paul is pointing to here? (See also Roman 8:28)
Just like we use certain conventions when writing letters today, Paul followed the typical pattern of letter writing for his day. This included an introduction, body, and conclusion. Many of the formal elements of Paul’s letters were very similar to their secular counterparts. However, Paul altered these conventions to fit the nature of his communication – for example, instead of the traditional salutation of the day, the Roman equivalent of “Sincerely,” Paul used the phrase “The grace of the Lord Jesus Christ.” This was also a clever play on words, since the traditional closing was “Karitas” (joy / happiness) and Paul wrote “Karis” (peace). A subtle change, indicating Paul’s grounding in Christ.
BACKGROUND INFORMATION
SLAVERY in Paul’s world was commonplace. Slaves probably represented between 25% and 50% of the Roman Empire’s population. It was so engrained in society that no one questioned slavery as an institution, even though there was some awareness of the inequity that existed. In the same way, we don’t question capitalism as an institution, even though we’re aware of the injustice it can cause. The only known community that did not practice slavery was the Essenes, who did so more as a matter of discipline than of moral objection – they also abstained from marriage and eating certain foods as a part of their discipline. In the same way that the Essenes would have never dreamed of condemning marriage as an institution, so they had nothing against slavery as such. People became slaves at birth (born to slave parents or exposed as infants), through capture (kidnapped by pirates or captured in war), or by selling themselves into slavery to pay debts. As a result, unlike slavery in North America or Egypt, Roman slavery represented more of a social class than an ethnic group. Many slaves were educated in order to be more useful to their masters, and if you walked by a slave on the street, you would likely be unable to tell them from an average citizen. While there are many parallels, it is important to distinguish ancient slavery from the horrible abuses of humanity practiced in more recent memory.
HOUSE CHURCHES in Early Christianity were the primary way that Christians gathered together. Extended families often lived together in one household, which, for the sake of family structure, as well as, in many cases, survival, was a major institution in the ancient world. Jewish synagogues, pagan mystery cults, and philosophical schools often gathered in houses as well. Usually, one fairly wealthy member of the community (whose house was large enough to host a gathering), donated the space, where, at appointed times, the community would gather for worship, prayer, teaching, and to receive the sacraments. This setting was especially important in areas where Christians were being persecuted, because it afforded them some anonymity and protection.
INTERESTING WORD PLAYS are used at a couple key points in Philemon. This fits with the overall character of the letter as a well crafted rhetorical argument. In verse 11, Paul refers to a change in Onesimus from “formely useless” to “useful”. In Greek, the name Onesimus (a common name for slaves) literally meant “useful.” Of double meaning here, however, is the fact that the words Paul uses here are achrestos and euchrestos, which would have been pronounced the same way as Christos (Christ). Therefore, this may also be a reference to Onesmius’ changed character before and after his baptism (alluded to in verse 10). Later, in verse 20, Paul also uses the word oninemi (to benefit or take joy in), the same root word from which Onesimus’ name comes.
REFLECTION QUESTIONS
• Philemon (and many of Paul’s letters) give us a model of Christian gratitude. Do you ever thank God for the people in your life? How do your prayers compare to Paul’s prayer for Philemon?
• Paul states that he could use his authority to get what he wants, but that he “would rather appeal to [Philemon] on the basis of love.” What do you take this to mean? Why does Paul approach the situation in this way? How does this inform current Lutheran conversations regarding “love of the neighbor”?
• Because of the rhetoric (use of persuasion) in this letter, most scholars agree that Paul leaves Philemon little choice in his actual action. Some scholars believe that this is manipulative and wrong, others point to an appropriate use of thoughtful reasoning. What do you think, and why?
• In verses 15-16, Paul speculates on a divine purpose in the disagreement (or even disobedience) between Philemon and Onesimus. Some people believe God causes every situation for a purpose. Others believe that God is at work within every situation to bring about good. Do you see a difference? Which do you think Paul is pointing to here? (See also Roman 8:28)
Friday, May 15, 2009
Peter and Cornelius (Acts 10:1-11:18)
PRAY: Practice prayer meditation. Find a quiet time and place, clear your mind of everything else, and allow God to speak to you in the silence.
PONDER:
God communicates with Peter and Cornelius through dreams and angels (literally, messengers). Who else in the Bible hears God’s Word in this way? What does God communicate with them?
Does God still communicate like this? How does God most often communicate with you?
What is Cornelius doing when the angel appears to him? What is Peter doing? What do you think they might have been praying about (would they have been expecting this)?
Do you have a regular routine and / or place for prayer? What do you pray about?
What can we learn about prayer from this story? How, if at all, does it change your expectations?
Peter responds to the Lord’s command to eat by saying, “I have never eaten anything that is profane or unclean” (Acts 10:14). What do you know about Jewish food laws? (see Leviticus 11) What was the purpose of these laws?
What sort of “purity laws” do we practice (consciously or unconsciously) in our culture?
DO: Talk to somebody you wouldn’t ordinarily talk to (or better yet, whom you would ordinarily avoid). Show kindness and hospitality to this person (Acts 10:23).
PONDER:
God communicates with Peter and Cornelius through dreams and angels (literally, messengers). Who else in the Bible hears God’s Word in this way? What does God communicate with them?
Does God still communicate like this? How does God most often communicate with you?
What is Cornelius doing when the angel appears to him? What is Peter doing? What do you think they might have been praying about (would they have been expecting this)?
Do you have a regular routine and / or place for prayer? What do you pray about?
What can we learn about prayer from this story? How, if at all, does it change your expectations?
Peter responds to the Lord’s command to eat by saying, “I have never eaten anything that is profane or unclean” (Acts 10:14). What do you know about Jewish food laws? (see Leviticus 11) What was the purpose of these laws?
What sort of “purity laws” do we practice (consciously or unconsciously) in our culture?
DO: Talk to somebody you wouldn’t ordinarily talk to (or better yet, whom you would ordinarily avoid). Show kindness and hospitality to this person (Acts 10:23).
Tuesday, May 5, 2009
Call of Saul / Paul (Acts 9:1-31; 21:37-22:21; 26:1-23; Gal 1:11-2:10; 1 Cor 15:3-11; Phil 3:3-9)
PRAY: Paul’s prayer for the Philippians (Phil 1:9-11). Pray for yourself, your faith community, and those in your life for whom you give thanks because of their sharing in the Gospel.
PONDER:
Many people title this story the “Conversion” of Saul / Paul. Paul never refers to this experience in his life as a conversion, instead, he uses the word “Call”. Why do you think this is? What is the difference between the two words?
Acts 9 is the narrative of Paul’s call. In all of the other passages above, Paul is recounting this experience for a particular purpose. Under what circumstances (for what reasons) does Paul tell his call story?
Paul tells his story a little different (with a different focus) each time. What are the common (core) elements in each telling?
Why do you suppose Paul tailors the way he tells his call story for his various audiences? Is one more accurate or true than another? Why or why not?
Whether or not we’ve seen a “bright light,” we all experience a call from God. Paul is able to narrate his call by looking back on his life and identifying formative experiences in his faith, leading up to his life changing call. Where have you experienced God forming you in your faith life?
Is there one moment (or moments) you can point to as your call to follow Jesus? How (in what ways) is God calling you to serve Christ? How (in what ways) did God call Paul to serve?
DO: Tell your call story to someone else this week. (Talking about it might help you compose your call story and identify God’s calling for you more clearly).
PONDER:
Many people title this story the “Conversion” of Saul / Paul. Paul never refers to this experience in his life as a conversion, instead, he uses the word “Call”. Why do you think this is? What is the difference between the two words?
Acts 9 is the narrative of Paul’s call. In all of the other passages above, Paul is recounting this experience for a particular purpose. Under what circumstances (for what reasons) does Paul tell his call story?
Paul tells his story a little different (with a different focus) each time. What are the common (core) elements in each telling?
Why do you suppose Paul tailors the way he tells his call story for his various audiences? Is one more accurate or true than another? Why or why not?
Whether or not we’ve seen a “bright light,” we all experience a call from God. Paul is able to narrate his call by looking back on his life and identifying formative experiences in his faith, leading up to his life changing call. Where have you experienced God forming you in your faith life?
Is there one moment (or moments) you can point to as your call to follow Jesus? How (in what ways) is God calling you to serve Christ? How (in what ways) did God call Paul to serve?
DO: Tell your call story to someone else this week. (Talking about it might help you compose your call story and identify God’s calling for you more clearly).
Thursday, April 30, 2009
Philip and the Ethiopian Eunuch (Acts 8:26-40)
For Next Week: Philip and the Ethiopian Eunuch
READ: Acts 8:26-40
PRAY: The Spirit sent Philip to the man from Ethiopia on his way home from worship, while reading the Scriptures. Find ways in your week to let worship and Scriptures guide your prayer.
PONDER:
The Ethiopian eunuch responds that he cannot understand the scriptures “unless someone guides me” (Acts 8:31). How has guided you in your understanding of God’s Word?
How and for whom have you or can you also be a guide in this way?
In what ways has your faith been nourished/enriched when you let someone else guide you?
The Spirit leads Philip to the Ethiopian. How does God’s Spirit also lead you to witness? Do you follow? What happens when you do (or don’t) follow this call?
Philip interprets the Word of God for the Ethiopian. How does the Ethiopian interpret the Word of God for Philip?
How can all proclamation / ministry also be about mutuality (sharing God’s Word with one another)?
How is your baptism the same and different from the Ethiopian man’s baptism?
DO: The Christian Church is growing rapidly in the Southern hemisphere (in places such as Ethiopia), while churches lament lack of attendance and waning biblical knowledge / faith in the Northern hemisphere where the Gospel has dominated for so long. Learn more about the Church in the Southern Hemisphere. What lessons can we learn from these brothers and sisters?
READ: Acts 8:26-40
PRAY: The Spirit sent Philip to the man from Ethiopia on his way home from worship, while reading the Scriptures. Find ways in your week to let worship and Scriptures guide your prayer.
PONDER:
The Ethiopian eunuch responds that he cannot understand the scriptures “unless someone guides me” (Acts 8:31). How has guided you in your understanding of God’s Word?
How and for whom have you or can you also be a guide in this way?
In what ways has your faith been nourished/enriched when you let someone else guide you?
The Spirit leads Philip to the Ethiopian. How does God’s Spirit also lead you to witness? Do you follow? What happens when you do (or don’t) follow this call?
Philip interprets the Word of God for the Ethiopian. How does the Ethiopian interpret the Word of God for Philip?
How can all proclamation / ministry also be about mutuality (sharing God’s Word with one another)?
How is your baptism the same and different from the Ethiopian man’s baptism?
DO: The Christian Church is growing rapidly in the Southern hemisphere (in places such as Ethiopia), while churches lament lack of attendance and waning biblical knowledge / faith in the Northern hemisphere where the Gospel has dominated for so long. Learn more about the Church in the Southern Hemisphere. What lessons can we learn from these brothers and sisters?
Peter Heals a Man Who is Crippled (Acts 3:1-4:31)
PRAY: Pray that God grant you boldness (See Acts 4:24-30).
PONDER:
What cripples or disables you? What are you afraid of? What in your life needs to experience Christ’s healing?
What does it mean to pray for boldness? How does God call us to be bold in our faith and proclamation? When might you offer such a prayer?
How does God answer such prayers? How did God answer the prayers of the early Christians in Acts?
Describe the “Holy Spirit”. Can you identify the Holy Spirit’s activity in your life?
Do you pray for God’s healing? What does such a prayer look like for you?
Why do we sometimes hesitate to invoke God’s name for the healing?
The name of Jesus is incredibly powerful in Acts. Remember the second commandment. How do you use (or fail to use) this name in your life? In your witness?
DO: Learn about Archbishop Oscar Romero and his boldness in faith. Search the internet for his name, watch the 1989 movie, Romero, read one (or more) of his books such as Voice of the Voiceless, or a biography (see authors James Brockman, Irene Hodgson, Marie Dennis, etc.).
Thursday, April 16, 2009
Pentecost (Acts 2:1-21)
PRAY: When you were confirmed this (or a similar) prayer was said over you. As an affirmation of your baptismal relationship with God, this is a prayer that can be said many times in a person’s life. Pray this for yourself (and your loved ones) this week:
Stir up in name the gift of your Holy Spirit:the spirit of wisdom and understanding,the spirit of counsel and might,the spirit of knowledge and the fear of the Lord,the spirit of joy in your presence,both now and forever.Amen.
(Evangelical Lutheran Worship, Affirmation of Baptism)
PONDER:
Recall a time you felt worried or alone, but had a sense God was still with you. What gave you this assurance? How do you think the Holy Spirit was at work in this experience?
How do you see the Holy Spirit at work in your life?
In what ways have you been a witness for Jesus Christ?
If you were going to tell someone the good news about Jesus Christ, what would you say?
Who does the Holy Spirit work through? Who, in your life, has shared the good news about Jesus Christ with you?
DO: Remember your baptism and confirmation as experiences of the Holy Spirit. Dig up any old photographs, certificates, or other mementos. Talk to friends or family members who remember the event. Remember also meaningful baptism and confirmation experiences of
others close to you. Share your memories with them as you are able.
Stir up in name the gift of your Holy Spirit:the spirit of wisdom and understanding,the spirit of counsel and might,the spirit of knowledge and the fear of the Lord,the spirit of joy in your presence,both now and forever.Amen.
(Evangelical Lutheran Worship, Affirmation of Baptism)
PONDER:
Recall a time you felt worried or alone, but had a sense God was still with you. What gave you this assurance? How do you think the Holy Spirit was at work in this experience?
How do you see the Holy Spirit at work in your life?
In what ways have you been a witness for Jesus Christ?
If you were going to tell someone the good news about Jesus Christ, what would you say?
Who does the Holy Spirit work through? Who, in your life, has shared the good news about Jesus Christ with you?
DO: Remember your baptism and confirmation as experiences of the Holy Spirit. Dig up any old photographs, certificates, or other mementos. Talk to friends or family members who remember the event. Remember also meaningful baptism and confirmation experiences of
others close to you. Share your memories with them as you are able.
Wednesday, April 1, 2009
Road to Emmaus (Luke 24)
For Next Week: Go to Church!! (Maundy Thursday Worship 7:00PM)
For the Week after: Road to Emmaus
READ: Luke 24
PRAY: In this week’s story, Christ appears in the breaking of the bread. Pray for Christ to be present and reveal himself whenever you eat this week. If you aren’t in the habit of regular table grace, now is a good time to start!
PONDER:
The disciples on the roadside are wrestling with doubt. Remember a time in your faith life when you experienced doubt. How did you move from doubt to faith? Did this experience strengthen your faith? Why or why not?
How did Jesus reveal himself to the disciples? How does Jesus continue to reveal himself to you? To our world / community?
If you met Jesus walking along the road, how would you know that it was him? How would he be able to convince you? What would you say to Jesus / ask him once you knew it was him?
We experience Jesus weekly in the breaking of the bread at the Communion table. Remember a time you received communion that was particularly powerful for you. What made it different? Looking back, was there a way in which Jesus was revealing himself to you in that meal?
How do you encounter Jesus weekly through the Sacrament of Holy Communion? Why is this important to you?
DO: Jesus made himself known to his disciples in the breaking of the bread. Consider baking a loaf of bread to bring to communion. Or, better yet, bake a loaf of bread to give to or share with a friend or neighbor – make Jesus known to them through the breaking of the bread!
For the Week after: Road to Emmaus
READ: Luke 24
PRAY: In this week’s story, Christ appears in the breaking of the bread. Pray for Christ to be present and reveal himself whenever you eat this week. If you aren’t in the habit of regular table grace, now is a good time to start!
PONDER:
The disciples on the roadside are wrestling with doubt. Remember a time in your faith life when you experienced doubt. How did you move from doubt to faith? Did this experience strengthen your faith? Why or why not?
How did Jesus reveal himself to the disciples? How does Jesus continue to reveal himself to you? To our world / community?
If you met Jesus walking along the road, how would you know that it was him? How would he be able to convince you? What would you say to Jesus / ask him once you knew it was him?
We experience Jesus weekly in the breaking of the bread at the Communion table. Remember a time you received communion that was particularly powerful for you. What made it different? Looking back, was there a way in which Jesus was revealing himself to you in that meal?
How do you encounter Jesus weekly through the Sacrament of Holy Communion? Why is this important to you?
DO: Jesus made himself known to his disciples in the breaking of the bread. Consider baking a loaf of bread to bring to communion. Or, better yet, bake a loaf of bread to give to or share with a friend or neighbor – make Jesus known to them through the breaking of the bread!
Thursday, March 26, 2009
Burial of Jesus (Matthew 27:57-66; Mark 15:42-47; Luke 23:50-56; John 19:38-42)
PRAY:
In Luke 11:29, Jesus cites the “Sign of Jonah” as a prediction of his death and burial. Pray Jonah’s prayer (Jonah 2:2-9). Make these words your own.
PONDER:
Have you ever prayed to God in a time of great distress? What did you say? How did God answer you?
Do you think the disciples and Jesus’ other followers were praying while he was in the tomb? Why or why not? What might they have prayed?
What was Joseph of Arimathea risking by approaching Pilate for Jesus’ body? Why did he do this?
Matthew adds a description of the guard at the tomb. Why did he feel it was important to recount this? What questions might the early Christians have asked? What questions do we ask about Jesus’ burial?
Why is it important to know that Jesus was in the tomb for two days? (Recall the story of Jesus raising Lazarus from the dead in John’s Gospel).
DO: In the last couple years there has been growing media coverage of the possibility that a tomb for Jesus’ family might have been found. Research these findings – what is the archaeological evidence? What do you think?
In Luke 11:29, Jesus cites the “Sign of Jonah” as a prediction of his death and burial. Pray Jonah’s prayer (Jonah 2:2-9). Make these words your own.
PONDER:
Have you ever prayed to God in a time of great distress? What did you say? How did God answer you?
Do you think the disciples and Jesus’ other followers were praying while he was in the tomb? Why or why not? What might they have prayed?
What was Joseph of Arimathea risking by approaching Pilate for Jesus’ body? Why did he do this?
Matthew adds a description of the guard at the tomb. Why did he feel it was important to recount this? What questions might the early Christians have asked? What questions do we ask about Jesus’ burial?
Why is it important to know that Jesus was in the tomb for two days? (Recall the story of Jesus raising Lazarus from the dead in John’s Gospel).
DO: In the last couple years there has been growing media coverage of the possibility that a tomb for Jesus’ family might have been found. Research these findings – what is the archaeological evidence? What do you think?
Thursday, March 19, 2009
The Crucifixion of Jesus (Matthew 27:31-56; Mark 15:20-41; Luke 23:26-49; John 19:17-37)
PRAY: In the midst of incomprehensible suffering, pray with Rebekah in Genesis 25:22-23 for understanding.
PONDER: Have you ever been present with someone when he or she died? If so, what was that experience like? If not, what would you be most afraid of?
How can we be assured that death is not the end? That we aren’t alone in our suffering?
Why do we study the crucifixion?
Compare the four accounts of Jesus’ crucifixion. What are the similarities and differences? How do you understand the purpose of Jesus’ death?
In Luther’s explanation to the Apostle’s Creed in the Small Catechism that to confess Jesus as Lord means, among other things, to know that “he has redeemed me, a lost and condemned human being. He has purchased and freed me from all sin, from death, and from the power of the devil, not with gold or silver but with his holy, precious blood and with his innocent suffering and death. He has done all this in order that I may belong to him, live under him in his kingdom, and serve him in eternal righteousness, innocence and blessedness, just as he is risen from the dead and rules eternally.” What does this mean to you? In your own words? How does it affect how you understand Jesus’ death?
DO: Make a list of what you would want your final words to each of your loved ones to be. Share these words with your loved ones, as appropriate.
PONDER: Have you ever been present with someone when he or she died? If so, what was that experience like? If not, what would you be most afraid of?
How can we be assured that death is not the end? That we aren’t alone in our suffering?
Why do we study the crucifixion?
Compare the four accounts of Jesus’ crucifixion. What are the similarities and differences? How do you understand the purpose of Jesus’ death?
In Luther’s explanation to the Apostle’s Creed in the Small Catechism that to confess Jesus as Lord means, among other things, to know that “he has redeemed me, a lost and condemned human being. He has purchased and freed me from all sin, from death, and from the power of the devil, not with gold or silver but with his holy, precious blood and with his innocent suffering and death. He has done all this in order that I may belong to him, live under him in his kingdom, and serve him in eternal righteousness, innocence and blessedness, just as he is risen from the dead and rules eternally.” What does this mean to you? In your own words? How does it affect how you understand Jesus’ death?
DO: Make a list of what you would want your final words to each of your loved ones to be. Share these words with your loved ones, as appropriate.
Thursday, March 12, 2009
Jesus on Trial (Matthew 26:57-27:31a; Mark 14:53-15:20a; Luke 22:54-23:25; John 18:13-19:16)
PRAY: In a world that continues to tolerate (and at times condone) violence, abuse, and injustice, pray for tolerance, justice, and peace.
PONDER:
In our culture, the term “I wash my hands of it” is fairly common. This comes from the biblical story of Pontius Pilate. How is our intention with this expression similar (or different) from what Pilate was trying to convey? From Pilate’s situation?
Did Jesus receive a fair trial? Why or why not?
What accusations are brought against Jesus? Are these crimes? How do you define a crime? How would the Roman and Jewish authorities defined a crime?
Who is responsible for Jesus’ crucifixion? How do the responsible parties differ in each Gospel account? What political situations might have influenced the Gospel writers? John gives the longest description of Jesus’ Roman trial (18:29-19:16). Here, Jesus responds to Pilate’s questions, not by the criteria of “the world” but of “God’s Kingdom”. Read this section again. What do you make of Jesus’ responses? What point is this narrative trying to convey?In between the various trials and the actual crucifixion Jesus is mocked and beaten. Why?
The accounts of Jesus’ abuse are quite graphic. Why were they included in Scripture? How do they affect your understanding of our Lord? Of this narrative?
DO: Watch or read a “court room drama”. How are our justice systems similar and different from the trials that Jesus faced?
PONDER:
In our culture, the term “I wash my hands of it” is fairly common. This comes from the biblical story of Pontius Pilate. How is our intention with this expression similar (or different) from what Pilate was trying to convey? From Pilate’s situation?
Did Jesus receive a fair trial? Why or why not?
What accusations are brought against Jesus? Are these crimes? How do you define a crime? How would the Roman and Jewish authorities defined a crime?
Who is responsible for Jesus’ crucifixion? How do the responsible parties differ in each Gospel account? What political situations might have influenced the Gospel writers? John gives the longest description of Jesus’ Roman trial (18:29-19:16). Here, Jesus responds to Pilate’s questions, not by the criteria of “the world” but of “God’s Kingdom”. Read this section again. What do you make of Jesus’ responses? What point is this narrative trying to convey?In between the various trials and the actual crucifixion Jesus is mocked and beaten. Why?
The accounts of Jesus’ abuse are quite graphic. Why were they included in Scripture? How do they affect your understanding of our Lord? Of this narrative?
DO: Watch or read a “court room drama”. How are our justice systems similar and different from the trials that Jesus faced?
Wednesday, March 4, 2009
Garden of Gethsemane (Matthew 26:30b-56; Mark 14:32-52; Luke 22:39-53; John 18:1-13)
PRAY: Jesus prayed that God would “let this cup pass” from him; however, he concluded each prayer with, “not what I want but what you want.” This is a model for our prayer lives – don’t hesitate to ask God for anything … even to ask God to change his mind! However, remember to end your prayers with “not what I want but what you want,” and leave your requests in God’s most capable hands.
DO: Jesus went to the garden to be alone to pray. What places are peaceful for you? This week, intentionally go to a place where you can feel at peace and alone and spend time in prayer – conversation with God.
Thursday, February 26, 2009
The Last Supper (Matthew 26:1-30a; Mark 14:1-31; Luke 22:7-38)
READ: Matthew 26:1-30a; Mark 14:1-31; Luke 22:7-38
WATCH:
PRAY: The traditional Jewish Passover prayer before drinking the first cup of wine is “Blessed are you, O Lord our God, Ruler of the Universe, who creates the fruit of the vine.” This same introduction is used for all of the scripted Passover prayers. Begin your prayers this week in a similar manner: “Blessed are you, O Lord our God, Ruler of the Universe…” Reflect on how God’s relationship with that to/for which you’re praying inform your prayer and God’s response?
DO: In the church, we often commemorate the Last Supper on a day called “Holy Thursday” or “Maundy Thursday.” Talk to others about what they think this day, especially the term “Maundy” means, and what it represents. Do they know what we commemorate on this day? Research and see if you can find out the origins of the term “Maundy” and/or what we do/say in worship on Maundy/Holy Thursday. OR
DaVinci’s famous painting depicts The Last Supper. The fiction novel and film The DaVinci Code has popularized much speculation about this painting and the actual event. Look into DaVinci’s painting, or read the book…how do these secular things inform your reading of Scripture?
Thursday, February 19, 2009
Parable of the Vineyard (Matthew 21:33-46; Mark 12:1-12; Luke 20:9-19)
READ: Matthew 21:33-46; Mark 12:1-12; Luke 20:9-19; (Isaiah 5:1-7)
PRAY: If you don’t already, find time to pray the Lord’s prayer at least once each day. If you already do this, add Jesus’ commandment from Matthew 22:37 to your prayer time – thank God for the unconditional love given to you, and pray that God help you to love Him better.
WATCH:
DO: Make a commitment to yourself to do something this month that will help you be a better steward of all that God has entrusted you. Stewardship of Life Institute is a good resource for what it means to be a faithful steward. You can also talk to members of our stewardship committee here at church.
PRAY: If you don’t already, find time to pray the Lord’s prayer at least once each day. If you already do this, add Jesus’ commandment from Matthew 22:37 to your prayer time – thank God for the unconditional love given to you, and pray that God help you to love Him better.
WATCH:
DO: Make a commitment to yourself to do something this month that will help you be a better steward of all that God has entrusted you. Stewardship of Life Institute is a good resource for what it means to be a faithful steward. You can also talk to members of our stewardship committee here at church.
Wednesday, February 11, 2009
Sheep and Goats (Matthew 25:31-46)
PRAY: The psalms are the prayers of the Bible. Use Psalm 23 as your prayer this week.
LISTEN: It's cheesy, I know... but I think You Tube has me addicted!
DO: Ride the bus and watch for “Jesus” to board. How does this change your perceptions of people? OR Invite a neighbor to dinner. Pick someone you’ld like to know better and enjoy the opportunity to talk with your neighbors.
LISTEN: It's cheesy, I know... but I think You Tube has me addicted!
DO: Ride the bus and watch for “Jesus” to board. How does this change your perceptions of people? OR Invite a neighbor to dinner. Pick someone you’ld like to know better and enjoy the opportunity to talk with your neighbors.
Thursday, February 5, 2009
Zacchaeus (was a wee little man) Luke 19:1-10
For Next Week: Zacchaeus
READ: Luke 19:1-10
LISTEN: I can barely read the name of this lesson without singing an old Sunday School song in my head. However, since most of the time, when I bring up these songs, everyone else looks at me like I'm crazy, I'm including a video of the song for your (and mostly my) entertainment... Happy listening!
PRAY: Like many of the stories we’ve been reading in the last few weeks, this story may seem familiar to you. Pray that through it, God will reveal something new. In all the ordinary tasks of your life this week, give thanks to God for His Words in the prophet Isaiah, “I am about to do a new thing; now it springs forth, do you not perceive it?” (43:19) and ask God help you to experience His newness in your life.
DO: Think of someone you would like to invite to worship this week. Use this as an opportunity to share your faith and help a friend /co-worker / neighbor / relative come closer to God. (You don’t have to be pushy – just express that worship is something important to you and you’ld like to share it with them…even if they decline the invitation, you’ll have had the opportunity to share about your faith and plant a seed in them for the Spirit to water).
READ: Luke 19:1-10
LISTEN: I can barely read the name of this lesson without singing an old Sunday School song in my head. However, since most of the time, when I bring up these songs, everyone else looks at me like I'm crazy, I'm including a video of the song for your (and mostly my) entertainment... Happy listening!
PRAY: Like many of the stories we’ve been reading in the last few weeks, this story may seem familiar to you. Pray that through it, God will reveal something new. In all the ordinary tasks of your life this week, give thanks to God for His Words in the prophet Isaiah, “I am about to do a new thing; now it springs forth, do you not perceive it?” (43:19) and ask God help you to experience His newness in your life.
DO: Think of someone you would like to invite to worship this week. Use this as an opportunity to share your faith and help a friend /co-worker / neighbor / relative come closer to God. (You don’t have to be pushy – just express that worship is something important to you and you’ld like to share it with them…even if they decline the invitation, you’ll have had the opportunity to share about your faith and plant a seed in them for the Spirit to water).
Wednesday, January 28, 2009
Rich Man and Lazarus (Luke 16:19-31)
READ: Luke 16:19-31
PRAY: Find a Small Catechism and read Luther’s comments on Confession (http://www.bookofconcord.org/smallcatechism.php#confession). Pray a prayer of confession to God. Read God’s promises through Baptism (as in Mark 16:16) to hear again God’s assurance of forgiveness.
DO: Watch the movie The Greatest Game Ever Played (2005, PG). Notice the parallels between Francis’ initial treatment and Lazarus in the Bible story. Might there be anyone like this in your community / social circles? Keep an eye out for anyone and ways that you might include him/her.
**** Or ****
Try not spending any money for a day (or longer). Is it hard? Are you spending your money the way God wants you to?
PRAY: Find a Small Catechism and read Luther’s comments on Confession (http://www.bookofconcord.org/smallcatechism.php#confession). Pray a prayer of confession to God. Read God’s promises through Baptism (as in Mark 16:16) to hear again God’s assurance of forgiveness.
DO: Watch the movie The Greatest Game Ever Played (2005, PG). Notice the parallels between Francis’ initial treatment and Lazarus in the Bible story. Might there be anyone like this in your community / social circles? Keep an eye out for anyone and ways that you might include him/her.
**** Or ****
Try not spending any money for a day (or longer). Is it hard? Are you spending your money the way God wants you to?
Thursday, January 22, 2009
Parables of Lost and Found Luke 15:1-32
Read: Luke 15:1-32
Pray: Each day give thanks to God for one thing that you’ve found that reflects his love and grace to you.
Do: Go on a “spiritual” scavenger hunt in your home to find: a cross, a Bible bookmark, a plaque or other decoration with a meaningful Scripture verse, a Christian symbol, a devotion book, a prayer book, and a Bible. How long did it take you to find all these items? What was the easiest item? What was the hardest item? Were there any you couldn’t find? How does God use certain items and people in our lives to seek us out? How can we use these gifts to seek out others in need?
Pray: Each day give thanks to God for one thing that you’ve found that reflects his love and grace to you.
Do: Go on a “spiritual” scavenger hunt in your home to find: a cross, a Bible bookmark, a plaque or other decoration with a meaningful Scripture verse, a Christian symbol, a devotion book, a prayer book, and a Bible. How long did it take you to find all these items? What was the easiest item? What was the hardest item? Were there any you couldn’t find? How does God use certain items and people in our lives to seek us out? How can we use these gifts to seek out others in need?
Thursday, January 15, 2009
Bible Study Tonight 1/15/09 7:00-8:30PM
Just a note that Bible Study WILL meet tonight. If the weather conditions are bad, please use your good sense and don't come out. I will have copies of tonight's handout available for anyone who isn't able to come and would like them on Sunday. If I'm the only one here, we'll repeat tonight's lesson next week, but since the weather advisory ended this morning, we're going to at least give it a chance...
Stay safe and warm!
In Christ,
Pastor Amy
Stay safe and warm!
In Christ,
Pastor Amy
Sabbath Day Healings Luke 13:10-17 & 14:1-6
READ: Luke 13:10-17 and 14:1-6
PRAY: In both of these stories, Jesus heals on the Sabbath day. Jesus does this not to show a disrespect for Jewish worship, but to demonstrate what all worship ought to be about. In worship this week, pay special attention to prayers for healing. At home, give thanks again, and pray for God to go with you as you follow the command, “Go in peace. Serve the Lord.”
DO: Find information about Jewish observance of the Sabbath Day. When does this observance begin / end? What does a typical Sabbath day include? How is this different / similar to Christian observances? Pick something from the Jewish practice of observing the Sabbath and try to work it into your own Sabbath observance for the next week or two.
PRAY: In both of these stories, Jesus heals on the Sabbath day. Jesus does this not to show a disrespect for Jewish worship, but to demonstrate what all worship ought to be about. In worship this week, pay special attention to prayers for healing. At home, give thanks again, and pray for God to go with you as you follow the command, “Go in peace. Serve the Lord.”
DO: Find information about Jewish observance of the Sabbath Day. When does this observance begin / end? What does a typical Sabbath day include? How is this different / similar to Christian observances? Pick something from the Jewish practice of observing the Sabbath and try to work it into your own Sabbath observance for the next week or two.
Thursday, January 8, 2009
The Good Samaritan
Read: Luke 10:25-37
Pray: Reflect on the people you’ve encountered today. How did you respond to them? Pray a prayer of confession for ways you weren’t the best neighbor. Ask God to help you be a better neighbor to everyone you encounter.
Respond: Think of a person in your life who could especially use a good neighbor right now. Find a way to show your neighborly love to him/her this week (ex. phone call, card, visit, home cooked meal, cookies, hug, etc.)
Pray: Reflect on the people you’ve encountered today. How did you respond to them? Pray a prayer of confession for ways you weren’t the best neighbor. Ask God to help you be a better neighbor to everyone you encounter.
Respond: Think of a person in your life who could especially use a good neighbor right now. Find a way to show your neighborly love to him/her this week (ex. phone call, card, visit, home cooked meal, cookies, hug, etc.)
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